Raabe College of Pharmacy - Continuing Pharmacy Education

Available courses

Emergency Contraception and the Use of Levonorgestrel

COST: FREE

Universal Program Number: 0048-0000-12-049-H01-P

Expires: August 4, 2015
Program Length: 0.1 CEU
Target Audience: Pharmacists
Knowledge based activity

Unintended pregnancies are a common occurrence in the United States. According to the most recent data available, 3.2 million unintended pregnancies occurred in the U.S. during 2006, which is roughly half of all pregnancies.¹ Ongoing contraceptive methods are effective in significantly reducing unintended pregnancies. However, there are an estimated 4.5 million women at risk for pregnancy that do not use a regular method of contraception.¹ The dispensing of emergency contraception can be used as an opportunity to introduce patients to other long-term contraceptive techniques while effectively preventing pregnancy when it was not their specific plan to have a child. Table 1 highlights therapeutic options currently available in the United States for emergency contraception. Levonorgestrel is one potential option for utilization as emergency contraception with documented efficacy and unique availability in pharmacies as a behind-the-counter product without a prescription for certain patient populations.

Multiple Sclerosis: Disease and Treatment Modality Overview

Universal Program Number: 0048-0000-12-081-H01-P

EXPIRES: October 9, 2015
Program Length: 0.1 CEU
Target Audience: Pharmacists
Knowledge based activity

Description: It is estimated that about 400,000 people in the United States are living with MS.1 The disease most commonly effects people in Europe, the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. It appears as though incidence and prevalence increase the farther you get from the Equator. Women tend to be affected 1.5-2.5 times more than men. Peak onset in patients is usually between the ages of 25 and 35, with a sharp increase after adolescence and a shallow decline after the peak age. Genetics play a strong role in multiple sclerosis. It is estimated that one’s risk for MS is 30 times higher if you have a sibling with MS.2 Other environmental factors are thought to contribute include sunlight exposure, infections, vaccines, tobacco, nutrition, and xenobiotics, but no association has been confirmed.2,3

Abuse of Prescription Stimulant Drugs

Universal Program Number: 0048-0000-12-080-H04-P

EXPIRES: October 9, 2015
Program Length: 0.1 CEU
Target Audience: Pharmacists
Knowledge based activity

Description: Prescription stimulants such as dextroamphetamine/amphetamine combination (Adderall®), methylphenidate (Concerta®), and lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse®) are schedule II medications and are the most commonly prescribed drugs to children and adults for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ADHD is one of the most common childhood disorders and can continue into adolescence and even into adulthood. The common symptoms include difficulty staying focused and paying attention, difficulty controlling behavior, and over activity. Symptoms usually improve as the patient grows older. It is estimated that about 8 percent of children 4-17 years old are diagnosed with ADHD. 1 These drugs are very effective in the treatment of ADHD but also have the potential for both abuse and addiction.

Understanding MDMA

Universal Program Number: 0048-0000-12-079-H01-P

EXPIRES: October 9, 2015
Program Length: 0.1 CEU
Target Audience: Pharmacists
Knowledge based activity

Description: The substance 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine is commonly known as MDMA. MDMA has many names and can be referred to as: ecstasy, E, X, XTC, Rolls, Beans, Adam, or Molly. MDMA is popular with young people involved in the dance culture.1 MDMA tablets are commonly known to be impure and often mixed with other drugs of abuse. Although MDMA is not a prescription drug, it is important for pharmacists to be aware of this substance because it has many adverse effects that may require medical management.

OTC Medication Abuse and the Community Pharmacist

Universal Program Number: 0048-0000-12-078-H04-P

EXPIRES: October 9, 2015
Program Length: 0.1 CEU
Target Audience: Pharmacists
Knowledge based activity

Description: Several over-the counter-medications are commonly used for unintended recreational purposes or as ingredients for illicit drugs. Over the years, many restrictions have been placed on the purchase of these medications, but there are always those who seek to find a way around these regulations. As a pharmacist, you are the medication gatekeeper of the community and the responsibility falls on you to prevent the abuse of medication in order to protect your patients. This lesson will be broken down by individual medications in order to go into more depth.

A Sugar Cubed Approach: An Update and Comparison of the American Diabetes Association (ADA), the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE), and American Geriatric Society (AGS) Diabetes Management Guidelines

Universal Program Number: 0048-0000-12-077-H01-P

EXPIRES: October 9, 2015
Program Length: 0.1 CEU
Target Audience: Pharmacists
Knowledge based activity

Description: The following is a comprehensive summary of the individual guidelines provided by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE), the American Diabetes Association (ADA), and the American Geriatrics Society (AGS). The summary will focus on the ADA guidelines and highlight specific differences between the other organizations’ guidelines. In addition, recommendations will be made to help guide pharmacists to the most appropriate guidelines to use for a specific patient. Information designated by orange boxes denotes a difference in recommendations by the AACE. Information in blue boxes emphasizes a difference in recommendations by the AGS.

The Pharmacist’s Role in Heroin Addiction

Universal Program Number: 0048-0000-12-076-H01-P

EXPIRES: October 9, 2015
Program Length: 0.1 CEU
Target Audience: Pharmacists
Knowledge based activity

Description: Current categories for compounds of abuse in the United States include alcohol, tobacco, opioids, club drugs, cannabinoids, stimulants, dissociative drugs, hallucinogens, anabolic steroids, inhalants and prescription medications. Heroin, also known as smack, H, skag, or junk, falls into the category of opioids and is the most abused drug in this category.1 This is because it is rapid acting with a time to peak plasma absorption of 10 minutes after I.M. administration and it crosses the blood brain barrier faster than morphine, the drug heroin is manufactured from.2 Morphine is produced by the seed pods of the poppy plant and then sold in a pure form or sometimes mixed/“cut” with substances such as sugar, quinine, powdered milk or even some poisons to produce street heroin.1

Ibogaine as an Alternative and Efficacious Treatment for Heroin Addiction

Universal Program Number: 0048-0000-12-075-H01-P

EXPIRES: October 9, 2015
Program Length: 0.1 CEU
Target Audience: Pharmacists
Knowledge based activity

Description: Addiction is a growing problem in society as more people experiment with illicit drugs and fall into drug addiction as a consequence. Addicts tend to exhibit symptoms of drug tolerance with continued abuse and may develop substance dependence. As one continues to use a drug to achieve a “rush” or a “high”, some must use increasing amounts of a given drug to achieve the same high that was experienced previously, depending on the substance used. Many addicts continue to increase doses until drug-induced overdose or death occurs. Addicts are also fueled by the desire to avoid withdrawal symptoms, which may range from nausea and resting tremors to anxiety and insomnia1. If the search for drugs interferes with daily living, this is called substance dependence, as one plans time and resources around acquiring the next hit of drug.

Roles for the Community Pharmacist in Promotion of Women’s Health

Universal Program Number: 0048-0000-11-036-H04-P

EXPIRES: June 7, 2014
Program Length: 0.1 CEU
Target Audience: Pharmacists
Knowledge based activity

Description: The pharmacist has long been recognized as a widely accessible and available health care professional for patients. Because of this, pharmacists located in the community pharmacy setting are often ideal candidates for providing educational information to patients. Many organizations, such as the American Public Health Association1 and the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists,2 have recently been focused on increasing the involvement of pharmacists in providing preventive care to patients. The provision of information regarding important women’s health issues is an area where pharmacists in the community pharmacy setting can have a strong impact on the primary prevention and early detection of disease. As discussed below, pharmacists can target women at increased risk for various diseases and take advantage of their accessibility to provide health education and screenings to this population.

Vitamin D: Benefits and Recent Changes in Dietary Recommendations

Universal Program Number: 0048-0000-11-035-H01-P

EXPIRES: June 7, 2014
Program Length: 0.1 CEU
Target Audience: Pharmacists
Knowledge based activity

Description: Research within the past decade has shown that the physiological roles of vitamin D go beyond calcium homeostasis, skeletal development and bone metabolism. The discovery of vitamin D receptors and 1-hydroxylase on a variety of extraskeletal tissues has prompted research on the effects of vitamin D on multiple physiological systems and processes. Vitamin D deficiency is widely known to be directly associated with skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis and rickets. However, vitamin D deficiency has also been linked to diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cognitive decline, and certain cancers. Due to the increasing prevalence and emerging evidence of consequences of vitamin D deficiency, it is becoming an important health concern. In the past two years, the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for vitamin D has been increased twice for infants, toddlers, adolescents, and adults.(1,2)

Peripheral Artery Disease

Universal Program Number: 0048-0000-11-037-H01-P

EXPIRES: June 7, 2014
Program Length: 0.1 CEU
Target Audience: Pharmacists
Knowledge based activity

Description: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a progressive atherosclerotic disease that affects approximately 12% of the adult population.1 Intermittent claudication is a classical symptom of PAD, however, a majority of patients are asymptomatic or present with atypical leg pain. This range of clinical presentation may explain why only 25% of patients are diagnosed and treated for PAD.2 There is an increased risk for cardiovascular events, cerebrovascular events, and mortality with PAD. Education to patients and healthcare professionals is essential for early identification, early symptom control, and aggressive risk factor modification to reduce PAD progression and its cardiovascular events.

Over the Counter Medications Used for Cough and Cold Treatment in Children

Universal Program Number: 0048-0000-11-034-H01-P

EXPIRES: June 7, 2014
Program Length: 0.1 CEU
Target Audience: Pharmacists
Knowledge based activity

Description: Over the counter (OTC) medications have been marketed for use in children of all ages for years. These medications include analgesics, antihistamines, decongestants, cough suppressants, vitamins, topical treatments, and many more. In fact, there are over 800 OTCs just for the treatment of cough and cold. These medications are continually purchased; on average about 95 million packages of medication are sold each year to treat cough and cold in children.1 However, just because these medications are marketed for use in children, does not mean that they are safe or effective, and in actuality, many are not.

Exercise Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: More Motivation, Less Medication

Universal Program Number: 0048-0000-11-033-H01-P

EXPIRES: June 7, 2014
Program Length: 0.1 CEU
Target Audience: Pharmacists
Knowledge based activity

Description: Diabetes is becoming more and more common in the United States with much of its incidence associated with unhealthy lifestyles and disparities in health care. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) the number of Americans with diabetes has nearly quadrupled from 1980 (5.6 million) through 2011 (18.8 million) with at least seven million still undiagnosed.1 According to these numbers, there are currently about 25.8 million people in the U.S. that have diabetes and 60 million are estimated to have pre-diabetes, a condition in which blood sugar and insulin are approaching abnormal levels (putting them at high risk for developing diabetes). Based on death certificates in 2007, diabetes was the seventh leading cause of death in the U.S. — being the underlying factor in 71,382 deaths and contributing to the death of an additional 160,022— and it is likely an underreported cause of death.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Overview for Pharmacists

Universal Program Number: 0048-0000-11-032-H01-P

EXPIRES: June 7, 2014
Program Length: 0.1 CEU
Target Audience: Pharmacists
Knowledge based activity

Description: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative muscular disease that predominately occurs in the adult population. The disease has also been known as motor neuron disease, Charcot’s disease, and Lou Gehrig’s disease.1 Prevalence of ALS is approximately 20% higher in men than it is in women.2 ALS is increasing in incidence at a rate that is faster than can be explained by the aging population.3 It is estimated that 5600 new cases of ALS are diagnosed each year in the United States, and that around 30,000 people may have the disease at any given time. ALS affects between 1.2 and 1.8 per 100,000 individuals. However, as this number takes into account the entire U.S. population, and ALS is a disease that most commonly presents later in a patient’s life; this number is heavily skewed when it comes to overall risk.2

The Business of Health Care: Home Infusion Pharmacies

This course has expired. If you need a copy of your certificate, please contact the site administrator.

The Business of Health Care: Specialty Pharmaceuticals, Home Infusion Pharmacies and Pharmacy Technician Compounding

Contact: Chandra Dunbar (Site Admin)

· This course has expired. If you need a copy of your certificate, please contact site administrator.

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Raabe College of Pharmacy - Continuing Pharmacy Education

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brought to you by Raabe College of Pharmacy at Ohio Northern UniversityIMPORTANT INFORMATION

Courses are $10per 0.1 CEU.

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brought to you by Raabe College of Pharmacy at Ohio Northern University

IMPORTANT INFORMATION

Courses are $10
per 0.1 CEU.